Insecticidal activity of Ageratina adenophora (Asteraceae) extract against Limax maximus (Mollusca, Limacidae) at different developmental stages and its chemical constituent analysis.

Limax maximus, or great gray slug, is a common agriculture pest. The pest infests crops during their growth phase, creating holes in vegetable leaves, particularly in seedlings and tender leaves. A study was conducted to assess the insecticidal activity of Ageratina adenophora extract against these slugs. Factors such as fecundity, growth, hatching rate, offspring survival rate, protective enzyme activity, and detoxifying enzyme activity were examined in slugs exposed to the extract's sublethal concentration (LC50) for two different durations (24 and 48 h). The phytochemical variability of the extracts was also studied. The LC50 value of the A. adenophora extract against L. maximus was 35.9 mg/mL. This extract significantly reduced the hatching rate of eggs and the survival rate of offspring hatched from exposed eggs compared with the control. The lowest rates were observed in those exposed for 48 h. The survival, growth, protective enzyme, and detoxification activity of newly hatched and 40-day-old slugs decreased. The A. adenophora extract contained tannins, flavonoids, and saponins, possibly contributing to their biological effects. These results suggest that the extract could be used as an alternative treatment for slug extermination, effectively controlling this species.

Non-Contact Current Measurement for Three-Phase Rectangular Busbars Using TMR Sensors.

This paper proposes a non-contact current measurement method for three-phase rectangular busbars based on TMR (tunneling magneto-resistance) sensors, due to their advantages of large dynamic range, wide bandwidth, light weight, and easy installation. A non-contact current sensor composed of only three TMR sensors is developed and the TMR sensors are respectively placed at a location with a certain distance from the surface of each rectangular busbar to measure the magnetic fields generated by the busbar currents. To calibrate the developed current sensor, i.e., to establish the relationship between the magnetic fields measured by the TMR sensors and the currents flowing in the three-phase rectangular busbars, we designed a thyristor-controlled resistive load as a calibrator, which is connected to a downstream branch of the distribution cabinet. By switching the resistive load, a calibration current, which can be identified from the background current, is generated in one rectangular busbar and its value is measured at the location of the calibrator, and transmitted wirelessly to the location of the TMR sensors. A new and robust method is proposed to extract the voltage components, corresponding to the calibration current, from the voltage waveforms of the TMR sensors. By calculating the proportional coefficients between the calibration currents and the extracted voltage components, online calibration of the current sensor is achieved. We designed and implemented a current measurement system consisting of a current sensor using TMR sensors, a thyristor-controlled resistive load for current sensor calibration, and a data acquisition circuit based on a multi-channel analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Current measurement experiments were performed in a practical distribution cabinet installed in our laboratory. Compared to the measurement results using a commercial current probe with an accuracy of 1%, the relative error of the measured currents in RMS is less than 2.5% and the phase error is less than 1°, while the nonlinearity error of the current sensor is better than 0.8%.

Foxg1 Modulation of the Prkcd Gene in the Lateral Habenula Mediates Trigeminal Neuralgia-Associated Anxiety-Like Behaviors in Mice.

Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is a debilitating disorder frequently accompanied by mood complications such as depression and anxiety. The current study sought to elucidate the molecular underpinnings that contribute to the pathogenesis of TN and its associated anxiety. Employing a partial transection of the infraorbital nerve (pT-ION) in a murine model, we successfully induced sustained primary and secondary orofacial allodynia alongside anxiety-like behavioral manifestations. Transcriptome-wide gene microarray analyses revealed a marked upregulation of Foxg1 subsequent to pT-ION. Targeted knockdown of Foxg1, achieved through bilateral microinjection of adeno-associated virus harboring Foxg1-specific shRNA into the lateral habenula (LHb), resulted in a significant attenuation of both orofacial pain and anxiety-like behaviors. Subsequent RNA sequencing implicated Prkcd as a downstream effector gene modulated by Foxg1. Pharmacological inhibition of protein kinase C delta, encoded by Prkcd, within the LHb markedly ameliorated pT-ION-induced symptomatology. The dual luciferase assay revealed that Foxg1 substantially enhances the transcriptional activity of the Prkcd gene. Collectively, these findings indicate that trigeminal nerve injury leads to Foxg1 upregulation in the LHb, which in turn elevates the expression of Prkcd, culminating in the manifestation of orofacial pain and anxiety-like behaviors. This work offers promising therapeutic targets and a conceptual framework for the clinical management of TN and its psychological comorbidities.

Clinical value of folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cells in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study is to explore the role of preoperative folate receptor-positive circulating tumor cell (FR+CTC) levels in predicting disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC). METHODS: Three ml blood samples were prospectively drawn from ESCC patients, and ligand-targeted polymerase chain reaction (LT-PCR) was used for the quantification of FR+CTCs. Other serum indicators were measured by traditional methods. Clinicopathological characteristics were obtained from the hospital medical record system, DFS and OS data were obtained by follow-up. The correlation between clinico-pathological characteristics, DFS, and OS and FR+CTCs were analyzed, respectively. Risk factors potentially affecting DFS and OS were explored by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: there were no significant correlations between FR+CTCs and patient age, sex, albumin, pre-albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin and CRP/Albumin ratio, tumor size, grade of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, perineural invasion/vessel invasion (all P > 0.05). Nevertheless, preoperative FR+CTCs were an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR 2.7; 95% CI 1.31-, P = 0.007) and OS (HR 3.37; 95% CI 1.06-, P = 0.04). DFS was significantly shorter for patients with post-operative FR+CTCs ≥ 17.42 FU/3ml compared with patients < 17.42 FU/3ml (P = 0.0012). For OS, it was shorter for patients with FR+CTCs ≥ 17.42 FU/3ml compared with patients < 17.42 FU/3ml, however, the difference did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS: ESCC patients with high FR+CTCs tend to have a worse prognosis. FR+CTCs may monitor the recurrence of cancers in time, accurately assess patient prognosis, and guide clinical decision-making. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was approved by the Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute Ethics Committee (No. SCCHEC-02-2022-050).

Modeling policy interventions for slowing the spread of artemisinin-resistant pfkelch R561H mutations in Rwanda.

Artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) are highly effective at treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, but the emergence of the new pfkelch13 R561H mutation in Rwanda, associated with delayed parasite clearance, suggests that interventions are needed to slow its spread. Using a Rwanda-specific spatial calibration of an individual-based malaria model, we evaluate 26 strategies aimed at minimizing treatment failures and delaying the spread of R561H after 3, 5 and 10 years. Lengthening ACT courses and deploying multiple first-line therapies (MFTs) reduced treatment failures after 5 years when compared to the current approach of a 3-d course of artemether-lumefantrine. The best among these options (an MFT policy) resulted in median treatment failure counts that were 49% lower and a median R561H allele frequency that was 0.15 lower than under baseline. New approaches to resistance management, such as triple ACTs or sequential courses of two different ACTs, were projected to have a larger impact than longer ACT courses or MFT; these were associated with median treatment failure counts in 5 years that were 81-92% lower than the current approach. A policy response to currently circulating artemisinin-resistant genotypes in Africa is urgently needed to prevent a population-wide rise in treatment failures.

Cataract, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy are independent risk factors affecting falls in the older adult with eye diseases.

OBJECTIVES: Falls are the leading cause of injury-related hospitalization in older adult, presenting a significant public health concern. To examine the specific eye diseases for risk factors of falls in the older adult. METHODS: A total of 775 older adults admitted to tertiary care hospitals were divided into a fall or non-fall group based on a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with falls. RESULTS: With 208 falls, 775 participants were recruited. The major associated factors of falls were older age (Odds ratios [OR]: 1.05), female (OR: 1.91), cardiovascular diseases (OR: 1.65), more outdoor activities (OR: 2.81), cataract (OR: 1.65), glaucoma (OR: 1.63), diabetic retinopathy (OR: 2.72). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that cataract, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy in the older adult with eye diseases are independent risk factors of falls, which may shed light on the prevention of falls in the older adult with eye diseases.

Mapping of Lymph Node Metastasis and Efficacy Index in Thoracic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Large-Scale Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has a high mortality rate in China. The metastatic pattern in the lymph nodes and the value of their dissection on the overall survival of these patients remain controversial. The primary aim of this study was to provide a basis for accurate staging of esophageal cancer and to identify the relationship between esophageal cancer surgery, lymph node dissection, and overall survival rates. METHODS: We utilized our hospital database to retrospectively review the data of 1727 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent R0 esophagectomy from January 2010 to December 2017. The lymph nodes were defined according to Japanese Classification of Esophageal Cancer, 11th Edition. The Efficacy Index (EI) was calculated by multiplying the frequency (%) of metastases to a zone and the 5-year survival rate (%) of patients with metastases to that zone, and then dividing by 100. RESULTS: The EI was high in the supraclavicular and mediastinal zones in patients with upper esophageal tumors, and the EI of 101R was 17.39, which was the highest among the lymph node stations. In patients with middle esophageal tumors, the EI was highest in the mediastinal zone, followed by the celiac and supraclavicular zones. Furthermore, the EI was highest in the celiac zone, followed by the mediastinal zones in patients with lower esophageal tumors. CONCLUSIONS: The EI of resected lymph nodes was found to vary between stations and was related to the primary location of the tumor.

Resected lymph nodes and survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer are high. Therefore, the authors aimed to investigate how the number of dissected lymph nodes (LNs) during esophagectomy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma impacts overall survival (OS), particularly that of patients with positive LNs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 2010 to 2017 were obtained from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database. Participants were divided into two groups: patients with negative lymph nodes (N0) and patients with positive lymph nodes (N+). The median number of resected LNs during surgery was 24; therefore, patients with 15-23 and those with 24 or more resected LNs were assigned to subgroups A and B, respectively. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 60.33 months, 1624 patients who underwent esophagectomy were evaluated; 60.53 and 39.47% had a pathological diagnosis of N+ or N0, respectively. The median OS was 33.9 months for the N+ group; however, the N0 group did not achieve the median OS. The mean OS was 84.9 months. In the N+ group, the median OS times of subgroups A and B were 31.2 and 37.1 months, respectively. The OS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 82, 43, and 34%, respectively, for subgroup A of the N+ group; they were 86, 51, and 38%, respectively, for subgroup B of the N+ group. Subgroups A and B of the N0 group exhibited no statistically significant differences. CONCLUSION: Increasing the number of LNs harvested during surgery to 24 or more could improve the OS of patients with positive LNs but not that of patients with negative LNs.

Impact of two­field or three­field lymphadenectomy on overall survival in middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A single­center retrospective analysis.

Squamous cell carcinoma is the main subtype of esophageal cancer in East Asia. The effect of the number of lymph nodes (LNs) removed to treat middle and lower thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in China remains controversial. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of the number of LNs removed during lymphadenectomy on the survival of patients with middle and lower thoracic ESCC. Data were obtained from the Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute Esophageal Cancer Case Management Database from January 2010 to April 2020. Either three-field systematic lymphadenectomy (3F group) or two-field systematic lymphadenectomy (2F group) was performed for ESCC cases with or without suspicious tumor-positive cervical LNs, respectively. Subgroups were designed for further analysis based on the quartile number of resected LNs. After 50.7 months of median follow-up, 1,659 patients who underwent esophagectomy were enrolled. The median overall survival (OS) of the 2F and 3F groups was 50.0 months and 58.5 months, respectively. The OS rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 86, 57 and 47%, respectively, in the 2F group, and 83, 52 and 47%, respectively, in the 3F group (P=0.732). The average OS of the 3F B and D groups was 57.7 months and 30.2 months, respectively (P=0.006). In the 2F group, the OS between subgroups was not significantly different. In conclusion, resection of >15 LNs during two-field dissection in patients with ESCC undergoing esophagectomy did not affect their survival outcomes. In three-field lymphadenectomy, the extent of LNs removed could lead to different survival outcomes.

The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Background: Several studies have reported the outcomes of neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with ESCC. However, phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with long-term outcomes and the comparison of different therapeutic strategies are lacking. Methods: Studies involving patients with advanced ESCC treated with preoperative neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were searched through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to July 1, 2022. The outcomes were presented as proportions and pooled respectively by fixed or random effect model depending on the heterogeneity between studies. All analyses were performed using the R packages meta 5.5-0 and meta-for 3.4-0. Results: Thirty trials involving 1406 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled pathological complete response (pCR) rate for neoadjuvant immunotherapy was 0.30 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.26-0.33). The pCR rate of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy (nICRT) was significantly higher than that of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (nICT) (nICRT: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.31-0.65; nICT: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.26-0.33; p=0.03). No significant difference in efficacy was observed between the different chemotherapy agents and treatment cycles. The incidences of grade 1-2 and 3-4 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.56-0.84) and 0.16 (95% CI: 0.09-0.25), respectively. Patients treated with nICRT and carboplatin had a higher incidence of grade 3-4 TRAEs compared with those treated with nICT (nICRT: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.17-0.77; nICT: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.07-0.22; p=0.03) and cisplatin (carboplatin: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15-0.53; cisplatin: 0.04, 95% CI: 0.01-0.09; p<0.01). Conclusion: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has good efficacy and safety profiles in patients with locally advanced ESCC. Additional RCTs with long-term survival data are warranted.

Evaluating the threshold limit value of acceptable exposure concentration for exposure to bioaerosols in a wastewater treatment plant: Reverse-quantitative microbial risk assessment and sensitivity analysis.

Agitation operations produce numerous pathogenic bioaerosols in WWTPs1. QMRA2 can determine risks of persons exposed to these bioaerosols. However, QMRA framework cannot help stakeholders in immediately deciding whether a risk is intolerable. Thus, evaluating threshold of acceptable exposure concentration is an urgent issue but is still rarely addressed in WWTPs. This study analyzed TLV3 benchmarks of E. coli and S. aureus bioaerosols emitted from a WWTP by reverse-QMRA. Furthermore, variance of input parameters was clarified by sensitivity analysis. Results showed that, under conservative and optimistic estimates, TLV of technicians was 1.52-2.06 and 1.26-1.68 times as large as those of workers, respectively; wearing mask drive TLV up to 1-2 orders of magnitude; TLV of M4 was at most 1.33 and 1.31 times as large as that of RD5, respectively. For sensitivity analysis, removal fraction by equipping PPE enlarge TLV for effortlessly obtaining an acceptable assessment result; exposure time was dominant when without PPE excepting the scenario of technicians exposed to E. coli bioaerosol. This study helps establish threshold guidelines for bioaerosols in WWTPs and contribute innovative perspectives for stakeholders.

Corrigendum: Risk factors of falls in elderly patients with visual impairment.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.984199.].

Effects of mixed carriers on diatomite supported nano-TiO2.

In this study, calcium carbonate, sepiolite, and commonly used diatomite (DE) carriers were mixed to prepare calcium carbonate or sepiolite mixed DE/nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2). The analyses of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope confirmed that the particle size of nano-TiO2 was about 20-24 nm in DE/nano-TiO2, and the particles were relatively uniform. When (calcium carbonate and sepiolite + DE)/nano-TiO2 was used, the Ti content in the composite remained unchanged, while the particle size of nano-TiO2 increased to a certain extent. Among them, the use of (calcium carbonate + DE)/nano-TiO2 increased the Ti content in the composite material significantly. Therefore, the findings demonstrated the feasibility of nano-TiO2 supported by the mixed carrier.

The Role of Dietary Patterns and Dietary Quality on Body Composition of Adolescents in Chinese College.

There is limited evidence regarding the effects of dietary pattern and dietary quality on the risk of unhealthy weight status and related body composition in Chinese adolescence. In particular, studies using bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) in these subjects are rare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of diet in body composition, to find a healthy dietary pattern for Chinese youth, and to promote the application of BIA among this population. A total of 498 participants aged from 18 to 22 years old were included. Dietary patterns were identified by principal components analysis. Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (DII) and diet balance index (DBI) were calculated based on semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression and logistic regression analysis were used to examine the relationship of dietary patterns, dietary quality with body mass index (BMI), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and the effect of dietary factors on BMI levels. The majority of participants with overweight and obesity had abdominal obesity, and there was 3.7% abdominal obesity in normal BMI individuals. Four dietary patterns were detected in the subjects. The pattern with the higher energy intake, which was close to the Western diet, was positively correlated with BMI (ß = 0.326, p = 0.018) and FMI (ß = 0.201, p = 0.043), while being negatively correlated with FFMI (ß = −0.183, p = 0.021). Individuals who followed the pattern similar to the Mediterranean diet had a higher basal metabolic rate (BMR), and the highest fat free mass, soft lean mass, and skeletal muscle mass (p < 0.05) but the lowest FMI, visceral fat area (VFA), waist−hip ratio, and FMI/FFMI ratio (p < 0.05). Higher energy-adjusted DII was associated with high BMI. Higher bound score (HBS) (ß = −0.018, p = 0.010) and diet quality distance (DQD) (ß = −0.012, p = 0.015) were both negatively correlated with FFMI. In conclusion, fat or muscle indexes, such as BMR, FMI, and FFMI, had an important role in predicting overweight and obesity, which suggested the importance of applying BIA among Chinese college students. Students who followed healthful dietary patterns or the high-quality diet that is similar to the Mediterranean diet but not close to the Western diet were more likely to have a healthy BMI and normal body composition.

Advances in Electrostatic Spinning of Polymer Fibers Functionalized with Metal-Based Nanocrystals and Biomedical Applications.

Considering the metal-based nanocrystal (NC) hierarchical structure requirements in many real applications, starting from basic synthesis principles of electrostatic spinning technology, the formation of functionalized fibrous materials with inorganic metallic and semiconductor nanocrystalline materials by electrostatic spinning synthesis technology in recent years was reviewed. Several typical electrostatic spinning synthesis methods for nanocrystalline materials in polymers are presented. Finally, the specific applications and perspectives of such electrostatic spun nanofibers in the biomedical field are reviewed in terms of antimicrobial fibers, biosensing and so on.

Risk factors of falls in elderly patients with visual impairment.

Objective: To examine the risk factors for falls in elderly patients with visual impairment (VI) and assess the predictive performance of these factors. Methods: Between January 2019 and March 2021, a total of 251 elderly patients aged 65-92 years with VI were enrolled and then prospectively followed up for 12 months to evaluate outcomes of accidental falls via telephone interviews. Information of demographics and lifestyle, gait and balance deficits, and ophthalmic and systemic conditions were collected during baseline visits. Forward stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors of falls in elderly patients with VI, and a derived nomogram was constructed. Results: A total of 143 falls were reported in 251 elderly patients during follow-up, with an incidence of 56.97%. The risk factors for falls in elderly patients with VI identified by multivariable logistic regression were women [odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.71, 1.40-5.27], smoking (3.57, 1.34-9.48), outdoor activities/3 months (1.31, 1.08-1.59), waking up frequently during the night (2.08, 1.15-3.79), disorders of balance and gait (2.60, 1.29-5.24), glaucoma (3.12, 1.15-8.44), other retinal degenerations (3.31, 1.16-9.43) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the better eye (1.79, 1.10-2.91). A nomogram was developed based on the abovementioned multivariate analysis results. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of the predictive model was 0.779. Conclusions: Gender, smoking, outdoor activities, waking up at night, disorders of balance and gait, glaucoma, other retinal degeneration and BCVA of the better eye were independent risk factors for falls in elderly patients with VI. The predictive model and derived nomogram achieved a satisfying prediction of fall risk in these individuals.

Protocol to estimate cell type proportions from bulk RNA-seq using DAISM-DNNXMBD.

Computational protocols for cell type deconvolution from bulk RNA-seq data have been used to understand cellular heterogeneity in disease-related samples, but their performance can be impacted by batch effect among datasets. Here, we present a DAISM-DNN protocol to achieve robust cell type proportion estimation on the target dataset. We describe the preparation of calibrated samples from human blood samples. We then detail steps to train a dataset-specific deep neural network (DNN) model and cell type proportion estimation using the trained model. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Lin et al. (2022).

Tislelizumab Plus Chemotherapy Sequential Neoadjuvant Therapy for Non-cCR Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ETNT): An Exploratory Study.

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains a challenging malignant tumor with poor prognosis and limited treatment methods worldwide, and most patients are at a locally advanced stage at diagnosis. High recurrence and metastasis rates remain the main factors leading to the failure of the current standard treatment of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery for resectable locally advanced ESCC. Improving the pathological complete response (pCR) rate may significantly benefit the survival of patients with resectable locally advanced ESCC after neoadjuvant therapy. Methods: Tislelizumab plus sequential neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to non-clinical complete response (cCR) patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced ESCC. The patients then received surgery and adjuvant therapy according to the postoperative pathological results. Eighty patients with locally advanced ESCC were recruited for the study. The primary outcomes of the pCR rate and the incidence of adverse events will be analyzed completely within 24 months, and the secondary endpoints will include cCR rate, major pathological response rate, objective response rate, R0 resection rate, event-free survival, and overall survival. Discussion: This study explored the safety and efficacy of tislelizumab plus chemotherapy sequential neoadjuvant therapy for non-cCR patients and provided a total neoadjuvant therapy model that can benefit patients with locally advanced ESCC. Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials. gov NCT05189730. Registered: November 26, 2021, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S000BBD5&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0004UG3&ts=47&cx=e0cm59.

DAISM-DNNXMBD: Highly accurate cell type proportion estimation with in silico data augmentation and deep neural networks.

Understanding the immune cell abundance of cancer and other disease-related tissues has an important role in guiding disease treatments. Computational cell type proportion estimation methods have been previously developed to derive such information from bulk RNA sequencing data. Unfortunately, our results show that the performance of these methods can be seriously plagued by the mismatch between training data and real-world data. To tackle this issue, we propose the DAISM-DNNXMBD (XMBD: Xiamen Big Data, a biomedical open software initiative in the National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, China.) (denoted as DAISM-DNN) pipeline that trains a deep neural network (DNN) with dataset-specific training data populated from a certain amount of calibrated samples using DAISM, a novel data augmentation method with an in silico mixing strategy. The evaluation results demonstrate that the DAISM-DNN pipeline outperforms other existing methods consistently and substantially for all the cell types under evaluation in real-world datasets.